HowtoForge provides user-friendly Linux tutorials.

• Show all processes for a specific user

  Author: Till Brehm • Tags: shell • Comments: 4

  To view only the processes owned by a specific user, use the following command: top -U [USERNAME] and replace [USERNAME] with the name of the user.

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• Get a list of the installed services

  Author: till • Tags: shell • Comments: 5

  To get a list of the installed services on the shell, you may use this command (on Fedora, RedHat, CentOS, SuSE, and Mandriva): chkconfig --list

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• Creating image borders with ImageMagick convert

  Author: till • Tags: shell • Comments: 0

  The command is: convert -border 2x2 old.jpg new.jpg This creates a new image (new.jpg) with a 2 pixel border from the image old.jpg. To set the bordercolor to red, use this command: convert -border 2x2 -bordercolor "#FF0000" old.jpg new.jpg

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• How can I clear the shell window?

  Author: Till Brehm • Tags: shell • Comments: 1

  Use the commad: clear or the keyboard shortcut: [CTRL] + [L]

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• How to save a command in the shell history without executing it

  Author: Till Brehm • Tags: shell • Comments: 2

  Enter the command line and hit the keys:[CTRL] + [#]This will put a # in front of the command and execute it. The shell will take it as comment.

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• How can I observe a logfile continuously?

  Author: Till Brehm • Tags: shell • Comments: 1

  With the command: tail -f /path/to/logfile you will see all lines added to the logfile. To stop this, press [CTRL] + c

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• I get the feeling that my hard disk is very slow. Is there a way I can verify and tune it?

  Author: Falko Timme • Tags: other • Comments: 0

  You can use hdparm to tune your hard disk. On Debian, you would run apt-get install hdparm to install it. hdparm --help shows a list of all available options. To get more information about your hard disk, run hdparm -i /dev/hda This will look like: /dev/hda: Model=MAXTOR 6L060J3, FwRev=A93.0500, SerialNo=663214759549 Config={ HardSect NotMFM HdSw>15uSec Fixed DTR>10Mbs } RawCHS=16383/16/63, TrkSize=32256, SectSize=21298, ECCbytes=4 BuffType=DualPortCache, BuffSize=1819kB, MaxMultSect=16, MultSect=16 CurCHS=4047/16/255, CurSects=16511760, LBA=yes, LBAsects=117266688 IORDY=on/off, tPIO={min:120,w/IORDY:120}, tDMA={min:120,rec:120} PIO modes: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4 DMA modes: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 UDMA modes: udma0 udma1 *udma2 AdvancedPM=no WriteCache=enabled Drive conforms to: ATA/ATAPI-5 T13 1321D revision 1: * signifies the current active mode To see how fast your hard disk currently is execute

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• Is it possible to find out which CPU my Linux system uses?

  Author: Falko Timme • Tags: other • Comments: 1

  Yes, with cat /proc/cpuinfo

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• How do I find out about my system's memory usage?

  Author: Falko Timme • Tags: other • Comments: 0

  With cat /proc/meminfo

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• Which Frontpage version is supported by ISPConfig 2?

  Author: Till Brehm • Tags: ispconfig • Comments: 0

  Currently only Frontpage 2002 is supported.

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