NFS Server and Client Installation on CentOS 7
This guide explains how to configure an NFS server on CentOS 7. Network File System (NFS) is a popular distributed filesystem protocol that enables users to mount remote directories on their server. NFS lets you leverage storage space in a different location and allows you to write onto the same space from multiple servers or clients in an effortless manner. It, thus, works fairly well for directories that users need to access frequently. This tutorial explains the process of mounting an NFS share on a CentOS 7.6 server in simple and easy-to-follow steps.
1 Preliminary Note
I have fresh installed CentOS 7 server, on which I am going to install the NFS server. My CentOS server have hostname server1.example.com and IP as 192.168.0.100
If you don't have a CentOS server installed yet, use this tutorial for the basic operating system installation. Additionally to the server, we need a CentOS 7 client machine, this can be either a server or desktop system. In my case, I will use a CentOS 7 desktop with hostname client1.example.com and IP 192.168.0.101 as a client. I will run all the commands in this tutorial as the root user.
2 At NFS server end
As the first step, we will install these packages on the CentOS server with yum:
yum install nfs-utils
Now create the directory that will be shared by NFS:
mkdir /var/nfsshare
Change the permissions of the folder as follows:
chmod -R 755 /var/nfsshare
chown nfsnobody:nfsnobody /var/nfsshare
We use /var/nfsshare as a shared folder, if we use another drive such as the /home directory, then the permission changes will cause a massive permissions problem and ruin the whole hierarchy. So in case, we want to share the /home directory then permissions must not be changed.
Next, we need to start the services and enable them to be started at boot time.
systemctl enable rpcbind
systemctl enable nfs-server
systemctl enable nfs-lock
systemctl enable nfs-idmap
systemctl start rpcbind
systemctl start nfs-server
systemctl start nfs-lock
systemctl start nfs-idmap
Now we will share the NFS directory over the network a follows:
nano /etc/exports
We will make two sharing points /home and /var/nfsshare. Edit the exports file as follows:
/var/nfsshare 192.168.0.101(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_all_squash) /home 192.168.0.101(rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_all_squash)
Note 192.168.0.101 is the IP of the client machine, if you wish that any other client should access it you need to add it IP wise otherwise you can add "*" instead of IP for all IP access.
Condition is that it must be pingable at both ends.
Finally, start the NFS service:
systemctl restart nfs-server
Again we need to add the NFS service override in CentOS 7 firewall-cmd public zone service as:
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=nfs
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=mountd
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=rpc-bind
firewall-cmd --reload
Note: If it will be not done, then it will give error for Connection Time Out at client side.
Now we are ready with the NFS server part.
3 NFS client end
In my case, I have a CentOS 7 desktop as client. Other CentOS versions will also work the same way. Install the nfs-utild package as follows:
yum install nfs-utils
Now create the NFS directory mount points:
mkdir -p /mnt/nfs/home
mkdir -p /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare
Next, we will mount the NFS shared home directory in the client machine as shown below:
mount -t nfs 192.168.0.100:/home /mnt/nfs/home/
It will mount /home of NFS server. Next we will mount the /var/nfsshare directory:
mount -t nfs 192.168.0.100:/var/nfsshare /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare/
Now we are connected with the NFS share, we will crosscheck it as follows:
df -kh
[[email protected] ~]# df -kh
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 39G 1.1G 38G 3% /
devtmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev
tmpfs 494M 0 494M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 494M 6.7M 487M 2% /run
tmpfs 494M 0 494M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-home 19G 33M 19G 1% /home
/dev/sda1 497M 126M 372M 26% /boot
192.168.0.100:/var/nfsshare 39G 980M 38G 3% /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare
192.168.0.100:/home 19G 33M 19G 1% /mnt/nfs/home
[[email protected] ~]#
So we are connected with the NFS share.
Now we will check the read/write permissions in the shared path. At client enter the command:
touch /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare/test_nfs
So we successfully configured an NFS-share.
4 Permanent NFS mounting
We have to re-mount the NFS share at the client after every reboot. Here are the steps to mount it permanently by adding the NFS-share in /etc/fstab file of client machine:
nano /etc/fstab
Add the entries like this:
[...]
192.168.0.100:/home /mnt/nfs/home nfs defaults 0 0 192.168.0.100:/var/nfsshare /mnt/nfs/var/nfsshare nfs defaults 0 0
Note 192.168.0.100 is the server NFS-share IP address, it will vary in your case.
This will make the permanent mount of the NFS-share. Now you can reboot the machine and mount points will be permanent even after the reboot.
Cheers, now we have a successfully configured NFS-server over CentOS 7 :)
5 Links
- CentOS: http://www.centos.org/
