The Perfect Server - OpenSUSE 11.1 - Page 4
8 MySQL
In order to install MySQL, we run
yast2 -i mysql mysql-client mysql-shared perl-DBD-mysql perl-DBI perl-Data-ShowTable libmysqlclient-devel
Then we add the system startup links for MySQL and start it:
chkconfig --add mysql
/etc/init.d/mysql start
Now check that networking is enabled. Run
netstat -tap | grep mysql
In the output you should see something like this:
server1:~ # netstat -tap | grep mysql
tcp 0 0 *:mysql *:* LISTEN 8566/mysqld
server1:~ #
If you don't see a line like this, edit /etc/my.cnf, comment out the option skip-networking:
vi /etc/my.cnf
[...] #skip-networking [...] |
and restart your MySQL server:
/etc/init.d/mysql restart
To secure the MySQL installation, run:
mysql_secure_installation
Now you will be asked several questions:
server1:~ # mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] <-- Y
New password: <-- fill in your desired MySQL root password
Re-enter new password: <-- confirm that password
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <-- Y
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <-- Y
... Success!
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <-- Y
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <-- Y
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MySQL!
server1:~ #
Now your MySQL setup should be secured.
9 Postfix With SMTP-AUTH And TLS
Now let's install Postfix and Cyrus-SASL:
yast2 -i postfix cyrus-sasl cyrus-sasl-crammd5 cyrus-sasl-digestmd5 cyrus-sasl-gssapi cyrus-sasl-otp cyrus-sasl-plain cyrus-sasl-saslauthd procmail
Then we add the system startup links for Postfix and saslauthd and start them:
chkconfig --add postfix
/etc/init.d/postfix start
chkconfig --add saslauthd
/etc/init.d/saslauthd start
Afterwards we create the certificates for TLS:
mkdir /etc/postfix/ssl
cd /etc/postfix/ssl/
openssl genrsa -des3 -rand /etc/hosts -out smtpd.key 1024
chmod 600 smtpd.key
openssl req -new -key smtpd.key -out smtpd.csr
openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -in smtpd.csr -signkey smtpd.key -out smtpd.crt
openssl rsa -in smtpd.key -out smtpd.key.unencrypted
mv -f smtpd.key.unencrypted smtpd.key
openssl req -new -x509 -extensions v3_ca -keyout cakey.pem -out cacert.pem -days 3650
Next we configure Postfix for SMTP-AUTH and TLS:
postconf -e 'mydomain = example.com'
postconf -e 'myhostname = server1.$mydomain'
postconf -e 'mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8'
postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_local_domain ='
postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous'
postconf -e 'broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated,permit_mynetworks,check_relay_domains'
postconf -e 'inet_interfaces = all'
postconf -e 'alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_auth_only = no'
postconf -e 'smtp_use_tls = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_use_tls = yes'
postconf -e 'smtp_tls_note_starttls_offer = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/smtpd.key'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/postfix/ssl/smtpd.crt'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_CAfile = /etc/postfix/ssl/cacert.pem'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_loglevel = 1'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_received_header = yes'
postconf -e 'smtpd_tls_session_cache_timeout = 3600s'
postconf -e 'tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom'
(Make sure you use the right hostname/domain in mydomain and myhostname!)
To enable TLS connections in Postfix, edit /etc/postfix/master.cf and uncomment the tlsmgr line so that it looks like this one:
vi /etc/postfix/master.cf
[...] tlsmgr unix - - n 1000? 1 tlsmgr [...] |
Now restart Postfix:
/etc/init.d/postfix restart
To see if SMTP-AUTH and TLS work properly now run the following command:
telnet localhost 25
After you have established the connection to your Postfix mail server type
ehlo localhost
If you see the lines
250-STARTTLS
and
250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN
then everything is fine.
On my system the output looks like this:
server1:/etc/postfix/ssl # telnet localhost 25
Trying ::1...
Connected to localhost.
Escape character is '^]'.
220 server1.example.com ESMTP Postfix
ehlo localhost
250-server1.example.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 10240000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-STARTTLS
250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN
250-AUTH=PLAIN LOGIN
250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
250-8BITMIME
250 DSN
quit
221 2.0.0 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.
server1:/etc/postfix/ssl #
Type
quit
to return to the system's shell.
10 Courier-IMAP/Courier-POP3
I want to use a POP3/IMAP daemon that has Maildir support. That's why I use Courier-IMAP and Courier-POP3.
yast2 -i courier-imap fam-server courier-authlib expect tcl
Afterwards we add the system startup links and start POP3, IMAP, POP3s and IMAPs:
chkconfig --add fam
chkconfig --add courier-authdaemon
chkconfig --add courier-pop
chkconfig --add courier-imap
/etc/init.d/courier-pop start
/etc/init.d/courier-imap start
chkconfig --add courier-pop-ssl
chkconfig --add courier-imap-ssl
/etc/init.d/courier-pop-ssl start
/etc/init.d/courier-imap-ssl start
If you do not want to use ISPConfig, configure Postfix to deliver emails to a user's Maildir*:
postconf -e 'home_mailbox = Maildir/'
postconf -e 'mailbox_command ='
/etc/init.d/postfix restart
*Please note: You do not have to do this (but it does not hurt ;-)) if you intend to use ISPConfig on your system as ISPConfig does the necessary configuration using procmail recipes. But please go sure to enable Maildir under Management -> Server -> Settings -> EMail in the ISPConfig web interface.
