Hardening Postfix For ISPConfig 3

Author: Jesús Córdoba
Email: j.cordoba [at] gmx [dot] net
Forum user: pititis

Version: 1.2

The goal of this tutorial is to harden the mail server postfix used by ISPConfig for internet mail servers where authenticated users are trusted. With this setup you will reject a great amount of spam before it passes into your mail queue, saving a lot of system resources and making your mail server strong against spammers and spam botnets. Let's go.

 

Reverse DNS, (DNS PTR Record)

To set up rdns you will find two situations:

- Your ISP allows to you change it yourself. Take a look in your control panel.

- Your ISP doesn’t allow to you change it. Just send an email with your request.

Ask or point your rdns record to your server. i.e server.example.com You can check your rdns with the command host:
[email protected] / #  host 149.20.4.69
  69.64-27.4.20.149.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer pub2.kernel.org.

Remember dns must propagate the changes.

 

SPF For Your Domain (DNS TXT Record)

SPF is an email validation system designed to prevent email spam by detecting email spoofing, a common vulnerability, by verifying sender IP addresses.

To set up spf you will need to add a TXT record to your dns zone but first you can generate your record here: http://www.mailradar.com/spf/

Copy the spf result, then go to ISPConfig -> dns -> zones ->click on your domain name -> click on records tab -> and click on TXT

Hostname -> example.com. (with dot at the end!)

Text -> Paste here the spf result (without " ").

Example: v=spf1 a mx ptr ip4:11.222.333.444 -all        …and click on Save.

Remember dns must propagate the changes.

 

Postfix main.cf

Let's add/change something to /etc/postfix/main.cf

Helo restrictions:

smtpd_helo_required = yes
smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_non_fqdn_helo_hostname, reject_invalid_helo_hostname

Helo restrinctions in action:

Jan 12 01:57:08 server postfix/smtpd[4687]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from unknown[186.43.77.153]: 450 4.7.1 Client host rejected: cannot find your hostname, [186.43.77.153]; from=
<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<[186.43.77.153]>
Jan  8 00:32:22 server postfix/smtpd[17504]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from 201-93-87-2.dial-up.telesp.net.br[201.93.87.2]: 504 5.5.2 <lan-32204df3031>: Helo command rejected: need fully-qualified hostname; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=<lan-32204df3031>

Strict rfc:

strict_rfc821_envelopes = yes

Clients restrictions:

smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unknown_client_hostname, check_client_access mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_client.cf

Recipient restrictions:

smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination, check_recipient_access mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_recipient.cf, reject_unknown_recipient_domain

Data restrictions:

smtpd_data_restrictions = reject_unauth_pipelining

Smtpd delay:

smtpd_delay_reject = yes

Don’t forget reload postfix:

/etc/init.d/postfix reload

 

SPF Check For Postfix (Debian And Ubuntu)

Intstall spf package:

apt-get install postfix-policyd-spf-python

or

apt-get install postfix-policyd-spf-perl

Add this to /etc/postfix/main.cf :

policy-spf_time_limit = 3600s

and add check_policy_service unix:private/policy-spf at the end of smtpd_recipient_restrictions:

smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, check_recipient_access mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_recipient.cf, reject_unauth_destination, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, check_policy_service unix:private/policy-spf

Now edit master.cf and add at the end this (for the python version):

policy-spf  unix  -       n       n       -       -       spawn
     user=nobody argv=/usr/bin/policyd-spf 

or this for the perl version:

policy-spf  unix  -       n       n       -       -       spawn
     user=nobody argv=/usr/sbin/postfix-policyd-spf-perl

…reload postfix.

/etc/init.d/postfix reload

Spf check in action:

Jan  4 15:50:11 server postfix/smtpd[19096]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from g230068165.adsl.alicedsl.de[92.230.68.165]: 550 5.7.1 <[email protected]>: Recipient address rejected: Message rejected due to: SPF fail - not authorized. Please see http://www.openspf.org/Why?s=helo;id=paxxxxxn.com;ip=92.230.68.165;[email protected]; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=
<paxxxxxn.com>

 

Greylist

Greylisting is a method of defending email users against spam. A mail transfer agent (MTA) using greylisting will "temporarily reject" any email from a sender it does not recognize. If the mail is legitimate the originating server will, after a delay, try again and, if sufficient time has elapsed, the email will be accepted.

Installing postgrey (Debian, Ubuntu):

apt-get install postgrey

The configuration options are in /etc/default/postgrey ( default delay is 5 min).

Edit main.cf and add check_policy_service inet:127.0.0.1:10023 to the end of smtpd_recipient_restrictions:

smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, check_recipient_access mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_recipient.cf, reject_unauth_destination, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, check_policy_service unix:private/policy-spf,check_policy_service inet:127.0.0.1:10023

…reload postfix:

/etc/init.d/postfix reload

Greylist in action:

Jan 10 17:38:57 server postfix/smtpd[21302]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from mailout-de.gmx.net[213.165.64.22]: 451 4.7.1 <[email protected]>: Recipient address rejected: Greylisting in effect, please come back later; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=SMTP helo=<mailout-de.gmx.net>

 

DNSBL (DNS Based Blacklist/Blocklist)

A DNSBL is a list of ip addresses published through the Internet Domain Name Service (DNS) either as a zone file that can be used by DNS server software, or as a live DNS zone that can be queried in real-time. DNSBLs are most often used to publish the addresses of computers or networks linked to spamming; most mail server software can be configured to reject or flag messages which have been sent from a site listed on one or more such lists. These may include listing the addresses of zombie computers or other machines being used to send spam, listing the addresses of ISPs who willingly host spammers, or listing addresses which have sent spam to a honeypot system. To use dnsbl with postix we use reject_rbl_client. Just add some live dns zone for queries into the main.cf file.

In my example I will use two lists with very good reputation (added to the end of smtpd_client_restrictions):

smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unknown_client_hostname, check_client_access mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_client.cf,  reject_rbl_client cbl.abuseat.org,  reject_rbl_client b.barracudacentral.org

rbl in action:

Jan 12 01:52:42 server postfix/smtpd[4616]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from 89.pool85-49-26.dynamic.orange.es[85.49.26.89]: 554 5.7.1 Service unavailable; Client host [85.49.26.89] blocked using cbl.abuseat.org; Blocked - see http://cbl.abuseat.org/lookup.cgi?ip=85.49.26.89; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=SMTP helo=<colossus.home>
Jan 11 20:13:58 server postfix/smtpd[29591]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from 93-87-122-56.dynamic.isp.telekom.rs[93.87.122.56]: 554 5.7.1 Service unavailable; Client host [93.87.122.56] blocked using b.barracudacentral.org; http://www.barracudanetworks.com/reputation/?pr=1&ip=93.87.122.56; from=
<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]> proto=ESMTP helo=

Postscreen

Note: This feature is available in Postfix 2.8 and up

The Postfix postscreen daemon provides additional protection against mail server overload. One postscreen process handles multiple inbound SMTP connections, and decides which clients may talk to a Postfix SMTP server process. By keeping spambots away, postscreen leaves more SMTP server processes available for legitimate clients, and delays the onset of server overload conditions.

The main challenge for postscreen is to make an is-it-a-zombie decision based on a single measurement. This is necessary because many zombies try to fly under the radar and avoid spamming the same site repeatedly. Once postscreen decides that a client is not-a-zombie, it whitelists the client temporarily to avoid further delays for legitimate mail.

We will use for this tutorial the default settings with an exception. These settings are fine for the most situations

First, we add a line to main.cf with the command:

postscreen_greet_action = enforce

Second we add postscreen and some new services to master.cf Note: These settings can already exists, just uncomment. Also be sure that the line "smtp inet ... smtpd", including any parameter is commented out (if any, parameters must be moved to the new smtpd service).

# Postfix master process configuration file.  For details on the format
# of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master").
#
# Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file.
#
# ==========================================================================
# service type  private unpriv  chroot  wakeup  maxproc command + args
#               (yes)   (yes)   (yes)   (never) (100)
# ==========================================================================
#smtp      inet  n       -       -       -       -       smtpd
#          -o ...
smtpd     pass  -       -       n       -       -       smtpd
     -o ... # Parameters moved from smtp service to the new smtpd service.(if any)
smtp      inet  n       -       n       -       1       postscreen
tlsproxy  unix  -       -       n       -       0       tlsproxy
dnsblog   unix  -       -       n       -       0       dnsblog

Now, we reload postfix:

/etc/init.d/postfix reload
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Comments

By:

Very useful, thank you - especially because there's a big lack of tutorials for mailserver hardening otherwise.

By:

This tutorial helped me get rid of all spam my clients were receiving, thank you very much! Great tutotiral!

By:

I Implemented all these nice features in my mailserver now.

Now I also want postscreen to work properly but it just won't work for me. I followed the instructions on postfix.org (postscreen README) but as soon as I change the line:
smtp      inet  n       -       -       -       -       smtpd
to:
smtp      inet  n       -       n       -       1       postscreen
I can't send any emails from my POP3 email client anymore.

Sure hope that you can shine more light on postscreen for ISPConfig3 too.

By: Anonymous

You need to send email through port 587 (submission) and not anymore through port 25.

By:

Added postscreen to the tutorial.

By:

Spam was really a problem, this has really solved the prob. Thanx loads

By:

Removed reject_unknown_helo_hostname  from helo restrictions. It causes several false positives from legitimate clients with dns problems/misconfiguration.

By:

I think is reject_invalid_helo_hostname right? thanks! great tutorial.

By:

They are two different directives:

reject_invalid_helo_hostname (with Postfix < 2.3: reject_invalid_hostname)

Reject the request when the HELO or EHLO hostname is malformed. Note: specify "smtpd_helo_required = yes" to fully enforce this restriction (without "smtpd_helo_required = yes", a client can simply skip reject_invalid_helo_hostname by not sending HELO or EHLO). 
The invalid_hostname_reject_code specifies the response code for rejected requests (default: 501).

reject_unknown_helo_hostname (with Postfix < 2.3: reject_unknown_hostname)

Reject the request when the HELO or EHLO hostname has no DNS A or MX record. 
The unknown_hostname_reject_code parameter specifies the numerical response code for rejected requests (default: 450). 
The unknown_helo_hostname_tempfail_action parameter specifies the action after a temporary DNS error (default: defer_if_permit). Note: specify "smtpd_helo_required = yes" to fully enforce this restriction (without "smtpd_helo_required = yes", a client can simply skip reject_unknown_helo_hostname by not sending HELO or EHLO).
 

By:

Thanks, pititis! Just about every Postfix user should benefit from this How-To. The default configuration is hardly suitable for most real-world scenarios (and I understand why the Postfix authors have set the defaults as they have; I'm not blaming them).

While perhaps outside the scope of this How-To, another measure I have taken that has cut-down on spam-related activity considerably is switching-on fail2ban's Postfix filter, which essentially bans IP addresses (via iptables) whenever they elicit a 554 response code. (Actually, I added banning for 504 responses, too, as no legitimate user should experience one in my particular environment.) This measure ensures that the same remote hosts do not hammer on Postfix with illegitimate garbage for extended periods of time.

Thanks again!

By:

Regarding the smtpd_recipient_restrictions list that is recommended in the How-To, the Postfix author himself (Wietse Venema) states very clearly that reject_unauth_destination should always come before check_recipient_access in order to prevent unexpected open-relay problems. The order should be:

smtpd_recipient_restrictions =
permit_mynetworks,
permit_sasl_authenticated,
reject_unauth_destination,
check_recipient_access mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql-virtual_recipient.cf

For the original discussion, see http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/postfix/2013-06/0053.html .

By:

This is soooooo important! Thank you very much, it solved my problem with many many fake senders.

By:

You're very welcome! I reported this critical issue, and the ISPConfig team fixed it in version 3.0.5.4.p2. Link to the bug report: http://bugtracker.ispconfig.org/index.php?do=details&task_id=3478

By:

In the postscreen section, isn't this line erroneous?

 

postconf -e postscreen_greet_action = enforce

 

You state to place this line in main.cf, but you seem to have prepended the directive with "postconf -e", which is not valid syntax in the context of main.cf.

The line should be:

 

postscreen_greet_action = enforce

By:

Yes, it is. Thank you

By: Raeco

E-mails with the error 450 4.7.1 Client host rejected: cannot find your hostname

Do is possible configure some sort of exception to get around this rule just for specific ip?

By: thctlo

@Raeco..  RFC stats..  CLIENT Must have A and RR (PTR) in the DNS.HELO Must have A in the DNS.

Any server connecting not having these, block them, they are the main problem why spam exist. Most are crappy providers. I reject them with and 550 message, that they dont RFC compliance.

 

By: Feby

After a lot of headache and research online about policyd, I've managed to get it working but in it's "easy" webui way on a Ubuntu server 12.10 ( yea I know not supported ) but it works on other versions as well.
What I did and from where and why:
There is a module that can be downloaded from apt-get but I hadn't seemed to see it working with a DB.
So, first get policyd.org I've got 2.0.17 and untar.gz it

wget http://download.policyd.org/v2.0.14/cluebringer-v2.0.14.tar.gz
tar -xzf cluebringer-v2.0.14.tar.gz
cd cluebringer-v2.0.14 and start reading the INSTALLATION file, which is a little ambiguous but what you need to do next is complete the decencies. for those ( like myself ) sho didn't get what net::server meant or Mail::SPF, I had to research it. These are modules requested by Pearl, so you need pearl installed... I've had it from the tutorials of howtoforge.com
next step is to install the deps. of pearl to do this start pearl in shell mode

perl -MCPAN -e shell

and after the initial config ( if you hand't ran it ever it will ask different things just go with the defaults )
after start writing in this shell ( it doesn't support copy paste so you'll have to do it by hand and take notice it is CASE SENSITIVE so ... )

Module::Build
q -> this options quits, you have to go again in
perl -MCPAN -e shell
install Net::Server
install Net::CIDR
( this can be installed via apt-get, I didn't know of the pearl installation so I got them via apt-get, apt-get install libconfig-inifiles-perl and apt-get install libcache-fastmmap-perl ) if you use this method disregard the next 2 lines

install Config::IniFiles
install Cache::FastMmap
install NetAddr::IP
install Net::DNS::Resolver::Programmable
install NetAddr::IP
install Mail::SPF

the mail::spf if it return
Writing /usr/local/lib/perl/5.8.8/auto/Mail/SPF/.packlist
  /usr/bin/make install  -- OK

then it's ok
hit q and enter and that's that for now.

The php needs to be at version 5 so you should have it up and running.

Now let's continue with the installation

cd database
mcedit runcmd and put in it ( I use mcedit you can use vi or any other editor )

#!/bin/bash
for i in core.tsql access_control.tsql quotas.tsql amavis.tsql checkhelo.tsql checkspf.tsql greylisting.tsql
do
./convert-tsql mysql $i
done > policyd.mysql

save it and make it executable
chmod +x runcmd
./runcmd
and you get that sql file.
Now for security reasons I didn't allow it to run with my root of the sql so I went on and created a user and a database...

MySQL -uroot -p
( input your pass )

now create a db and a user and grant privileges so, I choosed as the db policyd policyddb the user and policydpassword for the password, you can change these to any other login info :

CREATE DATABASE policyd;
CREATE USER 'policyddb'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'policydpassword'
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON policyd.* TO 'policyddb'@localhost;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

EXIT;

Done now you can continue with the tutorial:

so type MySQL -upolicyddb -p policyd < policyd.mysql

insert the pass,so you have to insert the pass of the policyddb user for me it was policydpassword

but,for me it gave an error as I have MySQL ver 5.5 and I had to change the MySQL file.

at each table you need to change at the end from TYPE=InnoDB to ENGINE=InnoDB and then run again the sql command

MySQL -upolicyddb -p policyd < policyd.mysql

this should work now,so you have to insert the pass of the policyddb user for me it was policydpassword

copy the conf file

cd..

cp cluebringer.conf /etc/

mkdir /usr/local/lib/policyd-2.0
cp -r cbp /usr/local/lib/policyd-2.0/

cp cbpadmin /usr/local/bin/
cp cbpolicyd /usr/local/sbin/

install the webui meaning copy the contents of the webui to a new folder in /var/www/ for example and go to /etc/apache2/ and change the .conf file accordingly to point to that new folder and now configure the file /var/www/policyd/webui/includes/config.php and set the user and the pass for the newly created user in sql
do the same in /etc/cluebringer.conf

and in here the following adjustments:

uncomment pidfile
set the log_level to 4 if you want to see everything else leave it at 2
uncomment log_file, host,port
host=* I use local postfix so I set it to
host=127.0.0.1
port=10031

in  [database]
complete the user and pass and uncomment them

now in the next part this is the config I had tried with what I found on the net but it didn't work so I made it to work

[AccessControl]
enable=1

[Accounting]
enable=1

# Greylisting module
[Greylisting]
enable=0

#[Whitelisting]
#enable=0

#[Senderthrottle]
#enable=1

# CheckHelo module
[CheckHelo]
enable=1


# CheckSPF module
[CheckSPF]
enable=0

#SENDERMSGLIMIT=1
#SENDERRCPTLIMIT=360000

# Quotas module
[Quotas]
enable=1

and now you should save the file and start cbpolicyd if everything is ok it should not give any error at launch and you can see the log file with tail -f /var/log/cbpolicyd.log

Now go to postfix config main.cf and this is very important to do in this order !!!

at smtpd_recipient_restrictions add the first field to be the ruleset to send it to policyd. The order is very important so I have like it to work

smtpd_recipient_restrictions =
    check_policy_service inet:127.0.0.1:10031,
    permit_mynetworks,
...
after this add the next line

smtpd_end_of_data_restrictions = check_policy_service inet:127.0.0.1:10031

after that continue with the regular main.cf config. you do not need to modify anything in the master.cf

Now the next step is a pickle and it gave me headaches to try to make it work... so...

go the to webbrowser and set the rules for policyd.
www.domain.com/policyd/webui/
there is no login info now the access control you can activate to create special rules of not sending from one domain to another you need to make it enable in cluebringer.conf

Now to set the limits you need to do the following:
go to Policies-> main -> action -> add
set a name, a priority ( you can go with 50 )and a description
go with submit query
back to policies ( up button ) select the added policy action change change disabled to no save it go back
Select again the policy action -> members
here you add the members that are added in the policies groups, you can go with source with %internal_domains and destination !%internal_domains meaning the you can send from your domains to anywere and the policy to count.

next go to policies -> groups -> and change %internal_domains and add the domains that are on your server with the @domain.com format. add as many as you want.

Next go to quotas -> action -> add
give a name, track I set sender [email protected] ( so it logs a user of a domain and this is policy to be used)
period in seconds ( I think, need further testing, on the main site there a few versions with different versions but I think it's seconds ), link policy choose the policy you've created earlier, verdict, reject, data, input a text to give at the access denied and a comment if you like, save it and now select the quota -> action -> change -> activate it ( disable set it to no )
go back select it again -> action -> limits -> action -> add

here you add the number of messager to be sent in that specific time period provided earlier. To test it out you can set the message counter to 1 and play with your domains. If it gives an error after the first send it is ok and you've completed it successfully.

The tutorial provided online by policyd are a little bit confusing but after a time you will understand them better to create a more complex settings, but this is for those users who just want to limit the amount of emails to be sent and prevent blacklisting a domain cause of a stupid user that hasn't got a antivirus and goes on strange sites and gets infected with a spam bot...

Cheers and I hope you find usefull my tutorial...

By: edge

No clue how old this post from you @Feby is, and I hope that you can help me with creating some rules.

Are you still active here?

By: corpus

The correct parameter is "policy-spf_time_limit", not "spf-policyd_time_limit".

By: brody

I am having a problem on Centos 7

 

Jul 14 23:52:50 hydrogen postfix/smtpd[2989]: warning: connect to private/policy-spf: Connection refusedJul 14 23:52:50 hydrogen postfix/smtpd[2989]: warning: problem talking to server private/policy-spf: Connection refusedJul 14 23:52:51 hydrogen postfix/smtpd[2989]: warning: connect to private/policy-spf: Connection refusedJul 14 23:52:51 hydrogen postfix/smtpd[2989]: warning: problem talking to server private/policy-spf: Connection refusedJul 14 23:52:51 hydrogen postfix/smtpd[2989]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from nm37-vm4.bullet.mail.ne1.yahoo.com[98.138.119.132]: 451 4.3.5 Server configuration problem;

By: Slug

For me the reject_invalid_helo_hostname did not stop the spammers at all, however i changed it to just reject_invalid_hostname, and now everything works perfectly!NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from unknown[14.183.111.153]: 450 4.7.1 Client host rejected: cannot find your hostname, [14.183.111.153]; from=<[email protected]> to=<***> proto=ESMTP helo=<static.vnpt.vn>NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from unknown[103.53.164.66]: 450 4.7.1 Client host rejected: cannot find your hostname, [103.53.164.66]; from=<[email protected]> to=<***> proto=ESMTP helo=<[103.53.164.66]>NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from unknown[182.64.250.245]: 450 4.7.1 Client host rejected: cannot find your hostname, [182.64.250.245]; from=<[email protected]> to=<***> proto=ESMTP helo=<abts-north-dynamic-147.21.162.122.airtelbroadband.in>

By: brody

Are these techniques added in ispcinfig 3.1 or do I still noeed to add them?

By: Gwyneth Llewelyn

You need to add them.

By: icemaker

after adding the postscreen configurations as suggested below,

the smtp server is always timing out and we are unable to send emails.

any suggestions?

By: David Bucknell

Problems after hardening: tail /var/log/mail.log (debian, postfix, ispconfig,

1. insecure message: Today 02:04:26 host opendkim[1472]: domain: key data is not secure: /etc/opendkim/keys/domain.private is in group 127 which has multiple users (e.g., "postfix")

2. Error loading key: Today 02:04:26 host opendkim[1472]: 8CC6820CE5: error loading key 'domain'

3. Can't send mail via client (e.g. Thunderbird): Today 02:04:26 host postfix/cleanup[17148]: 8CC6820CE5: milter-reject: END-OF-MESSAGE from localhost[127.0.0.1]: 4.7.1 Service unavailable - try again later; from=<[email protected]> to=<[email protected]>

Sorry to ask, but any ideas from these log errors?

By: Tastiger

 Can someone confirm that this tutorial is still valid as I have problems with my mail after applying the changes on my Ubuntu Perfect Server 16.04? The tutorial worked fine with 14.04.

My mail server just stops working if all changes are implimented - also I have extra entries in my Helo restrictions:

smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_mynetworks, check_helo_access regexp:/etc/postfix/helo_access, reject_invalid_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_hostname, check_helo_access regexp:/etc/postfix/blacklist_helo

Should these entries be replaced or retained?

Does it matter what line in main.cf the following is placed? - then I can continue the tutortorial and see at what stage the mail server stops working.

strict_rfc821_envelopes = yes

By: Airbag888

Did you find out?

By: kameleon1er

Hi, I too need to fight too much spam, but I have a question about the advice you offer;

For the moment, I prefer to leave the management of my domains and dns with my host.

So, can I still follow this tutorial and add these settings to my IspConfig? Or do I need to switch my dns management to Isp Config first?

 

Thanks to you.

By: till

This is a very old guide from 2012. I won't use it on ISPConfig 3.2, it will likely break your setup. The current ISPConfig setup has already been hardened and things like greylisting have already been implemented in ISPConfig for quite a while. If your system is an older setup that still uses amavisd, then switch to Rspamd: https://www.howtoforge.com/replacing-amavisd-with-rspamd-in-ispconfig/