How To Create A Kickstart File For CentOS/Fedora/RedHat (RHEL)

Working for an IT Support company means I am regularly installing CentOS, Fedora & Redhat on servers and desktop computers. Following this guide will explain how to automate the install process and install additional software with post installation scripts, the following CentOS Kickstart tutorial is also available on my blog.

First of all if you have never seen a kickstart file before and you have installed a flavour of Redhat Linux on a system go look in the /root dir you should see a file called “anaconda-ks.cfg” open it up and you will see the parameters you entered during your install in the kickstart file. It is a good way to understand by example (providing you can remember the options you selected at boot time).

Below I will give you an example of a kickstart file I used when rolling out a bunch of Fedora laptops with VMWare player installed and a couple of virtual machine images pulled in via wget. I chose to use a kickstart install with scripts over imaging software such as Symantec Ghost for the Linux installs as this enabled me to use the image on various types of hardware and with the tweak of a script I could greatly customise the installs in the future. Microsoft WDS / RIS or Ghost would not allow me this level of flexibility.

Below is the kickstart I used on my Fedora Installs, with nice user friendly comments.

text
install
cdrom
lang en_US.UTF-8
keyboard uk
timezone --utc Europe/London
rootpw  --iscrypted $$nndedddewfooofcerd3r434
selinux --disabled
# Custom user added
user --name=kevinmitnick --groups=users --password=HackThePlanet
authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512 --enablefingerprint
firewall --service=ssh
# The following is the partition information you requested
# Note that any partitions you deleted are not expressed
# here so unless you clear all partitions first, this is
# not guaranteed to work
clearpart --all --drives=sda
ignoredisk --only-use=sda
part /boot --fstype=ext2 --asprimary --size=500
part /OtherOS --fstype=ext4 --asprimary --size=10240
part swap --asprimary --size=2048
part pv.fedora1000 --grow --asprimary --size=500
volgroup fedora --pesize=32768 pv.fedora1000
logvol /centosVM --fstype=ext4 --name=centosVM --vgname=fedora --size=30720
logvol /home --fstype=ext4 --name=home --vgname=fedora --size=81920
logvol / --fstype=ext4 --name=root --vgname=fedora --size=25600
logvol /windowsVM --fstype=ext4 --name=windowsVM --vgname=fedora --size=40960
bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="nomodeset rhgb quiet"
# setup the network with DHCP
network --device=eth0 --bootproto=dhcp
# packages that will be installed, anything starting with an @ sign is a yum package group.
%packages
@admin-tools
@authoring-and-publishing
@base
@core
@development-libs
@development-tools
@dial-up
@editors
@education
@electronic-lab
@engineering-and-scientific
@eclipse
@fedora-packager
@fonts
@gnome-desktop
@gnome-software-development
@graphical-internet
@graphics
@hardware-support
@input-methods
@java
@java-development
@kde-desktop
@kde-software-development
@legacy-fonts
@office
@online-docs
@printing
@sound-and-video
@system-tools
@text-internet
@x-software-development
@base-x
kpackagekit
system-config-network
scribus
xfsprogs
mtools
gpgme
gpm
rpmdevtools
koji
mercurial
lua
pylint
rpmlint
plague-client
cmake
mock
bzr
pptp
kdeedu-marble
minicom
opencv
yum-priorities
plotutils
openoffice.org-opensymbol-fonts
qtcurve-gtk2
gvfs-obexftp
glibmm24-devel
gnome-vfs2-devel
libsigc++20-devel
libart_lgpl-devel
kdepim
konversation
ImageMagick
digikam
kipi-plugins
kdegraphics
gypsy
gpsd
hdparm
m17n-db-tamil
m17n-db-gujarati
m17n-db-kannada
m17n-db-hindi
gok
m17n-db-oriya
m17n-db-bengali
m17n-contrib-sinhala
m17n-db-assamese
m17n-db-punjabi
iok
m17n-db-telugu
m17n-db-malayalam
xorg-x11-fonts-ISO8859-1-100dpi
urw-fonts
ghostscript-fonts
kdepim
vorbis-tools
amarok
jack-audio-connection-kit
kaffeine
kdemultimedia
vbetool
gssdp
geoclue
createrepo
radeontool
PackageKit-command-not-found
obexftp
enca
festival
ntpdate
xsel
gupnp
rdesktop
fuse
ncftp
mesa-libGLU-devel
xorg-x11-apps
xscreensaver-gl-extras
gdm
xscreensaver-extras
xscreensaver-base
xterm
xorg-x11-resutils
gitk
git-gui
dia
tftp
python-crypto
boost-devel
valgrind
subversion
cvs
thunderbird-lightning
python-sqlite2
asciidoc
glibc-static
tcllib
python-psycopg*
ssh*
perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker
perl-Net-Telnet
perl-HTML-FromText
libICE.so.6
libSM.so.6
libXmu.so.6
libXp.so.6
libXpm.so.4
libXt.so.6
help2man
cscope
ctags
git
kernel-devel
tftp-server
texlive-latex
texi2html
cmake
transfig
alsa-lib
libXScrnSaver
qt
qt-x11
libasound.so.2

libXss.so.1
libQtDBus.so.4
libQtGui.so.4
pulseaudio
alsa-plugins-pulseaudio
pulseaudio-esound-compat
pulseaudio-libs
pulseaudio-libs-glib2
pulseaudio-module-zeroconf
pulseaudio-libs-zeroconf
xmms-pulse
pulseaudio-module-gconf
wine-pulseaudio
xine-lib-pulseaudio
pulseaudio-utils
pulseaudio-module-bluetooth
padevchooser
paman
paprefs
pavucontrol
pavumeter
ncurses-devel.i686
%end
%post --log=/root/my-post-log
exec < /dev/tty3 > /dev/tty3
chvt 3
echo
echo "################################"
echo "# Running Post Configuration   #"
echo "################################"
# prevent future yum updates pulling down & install new kernels (and breaking VMware & video drivers).
echo "exclude=kernel*" >> /etc/yum.conf
# update the system
yum update -y 
# install rpm fusion repo
rpm -Uvh \
http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm \
http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-stable.noarch.rpm
# disable rpmfusion repo, to prevent a yum update contaminating the system with rpmfusion rpms.
sed -i 's/enabled=1/enabled=0/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmfusion-*
# install video drivers - enabling rpmfusion repos on the command line.
yum -y --enablerepo=rpmfusion-nonfree --enablerepo=rpmfusion-free  --enablerepo=rpmfusion-free-updates --enablerepo=rpmfusion-nonfree-updates install kmod-nvidia xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-libs.i686 xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-libs.x86_64 akmod-nvidia
# start akmods on boot
chkconfig akmods on
# add pcadmin to sudoers
echo "kevinmitnick ALL=(ALL)       ALL" >> /etc/sudoers
# set perms on vmware partitions so users in the users group can create vm's
chown :users /windowsVM && chmod 775 /windowsVM
chown :users /centosVM && chmod 775 /centosVM
# Make sure the system boots X by setting the system to run level 5
sed -i 's/id:3:initdefault:/id:5:initdefault:/g' /etc/inittab
# install openvpn & configure
wget ftp://$host/pub/VPN/OpenVPN/Linux/openvpnclient-custom-settings-1.6-3.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh openvpnclient-custom-settings-1.6-3.i386.rpm
cd /etc/openvpn/
rm client.conf-*
wget ftp://$host/pub/VPN/OpenVPN/Linux/64bit/client.conf-1
mv client.conf-1 client.conf-0
rm -f /openvpnclient-custom-settings-1.6-3.i386.rpm
# add Kevin Mitnick to group users
usermod -a -G users kevinmitnick
# pull down vmware images
cd /windowsVM/
wget --user=magicinstaller --password=hacktheplanet ftp://magicinstaller:fubar@ftp.$host.com/images/windowsVM.tar.gz
tar -xvzf windowsVM.tar.gz
cd /centosVM/
wget --user=magicinstaller --password=hacktheplanet ftp://magicinstaller:fubar@ftp.$host.com/images/centosVM.tar.gz
tar -xvzf centosVM.tar.gz
# create symlink as instructed
cd /usr/lib; ln -s libtinfo.so libtermcap.so.2
# confirm perms are set correctly
chown -R :users /windowsVM && chmod -R 775 /windowsVM
chown -R :users /centosVM && chmod -R 775 /centosVM
# swap to console 1
chvt 1

Obviously there are going to be options in this kickstart file that need to be removed and added to suite your requirements however you should be able to get a feel for what you can achieve with a kickstart file. If you are wondering how I got VMWare Player installed, I had to do this manually due to the VMWare licensing stuff (clicking accept etc).

Sharing and comments available below… Any questions leave me a comment and I will get back to you as soon as possible. This guide was provided by www.netzensolutions.com.