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I'm trying to enter a block of text into an existing configuration file for OpenLDAP so the setup can be fully scripted.

The text below is what I want to enter into slapd.conf and this all works well and good, however as you probably know this will place the text at the end of the file. What I'd like to know is how can I choose where in an existing file I want to place the text or is this beyond the scope of HERE documents?

You can use sed command to append the config into file:

sed -i '/^SEARCHPATTERN/ a\
access to attrs=userPassword\
by self write\
by anonymous auth\
by dn.base="cn=root,dc=abclott,dc=lott" write\
by group.base="cn=infrastructure,ou=GTECH,ou=groups,d c=abclott,dc=lott" write\
by dn.base="uid=ldapmgr,ou=people,dc=abclott,dc=lott" write\
by * none' /etc/ldap/slapd.conf

Or even you can insert config.txt file in the config:

sed -i '/^SEARCHPATTERN/r config.txt' /etc/ldap/slapd.conf